Research Areas: Quantum Optics Quantum Information processing Renewable energy Publications Muhammad Ashfaq Ahmad, Zeng Ran and Shutian Liu, “Nonclassical properties of superposition of two coherent states shifted in phase by 3π/2", Chin. Phys. Lett. 2006, 23(9): 2438-2441 Muhammad Ashfaq Ahmad and Shutian Liu, “Entangled states based on two coherent states 3π/2 out of phase", Chin. Phys. Lett. 2006, 23(11): 2964-2967 Muhammad Ashfaq Ahmad, Lin Jie, Qian Yan, Ma Zhi-Min, Ma Ai-Qun and Shutian Liu, “Amplitude-squared squeezing of the generalized odd-even coherent states of the anharmonic oscillator in a finite Hilbert space", Chin. Phys. 2007, 16(5): 1351-1356 Muhammad Ashfaq Ahmad, Ren Min, Ma Ai-Qun and Shutian Liu, “Amplitude-squared squeezing of superposition of coherent states" Chin. Phys. 2008, 17 (5): 1777-1783 Muhammad Ashfaq Ahmad and Shutian Liu, “Superposition of two coherent states π/2  out of phase with average photon number as relative phase", Optik. Status: In Press Zeng Ran, Muhammad Ashfaq Ahmad and Shutian Liu, “Nonclassical state via superposition of two coherent states (π/2 out of phase) and related entangled states", Opt. Commun. 2007, 271(1): 162-168 Ren Min, Ma Ai-Qun, Muhammad Ashfaq Ahmad, Zeng Ran, Liu Shutian and Ma Zhi-Min, “The quantum statistical properties of a class of superposed q-deformed generalized coherent states", Acta Phys. Sin. 2007, 56(2): 0845-0853 Zhengjun Liu, Haifa Zhao, Jianlong Liu, Jie Lin, Muhammad Ashfaq Ahmad and Shutian Liu, “Generation of hollow Gaussian beams by spatial filtering", Opt. Lett. 2007, 32(15): 2076-2078 Zhengjun Liu, Muhammad Ashfaq Ahmad and Shutian Liu, “Image encryption based on double random amplitude coding in random Hartley transform domain", Optik. Status: Accepted Zhengjun Liu, Muhammad Ashfaq Ahmad and Shutian Liu, “Optical image encryption based on the commutation and anti-commutation rules", Opt. Commun. 2007, 279(2): 285-290 Zhengjun Liu, Muhammad Ashfaq Ahmad and Shutian Liu, “A discrete fractional angular transform", Opt. Commun. 2008 281(6): 1424-1429 Zhengjun Liu, Muhammad Ashfaq Ahmad and Shutian Liu, “Image sharing scheme based on combination theory", Opt. Commun. 2008, 281 (21): 5322-5325 Zhengjun Liu, Shutian Liu and Muhammad Ashfaq Ahmad, “Image sharing scheme based on discrete fractional random transform", Optik Status: In Press. Zhengjun Liu, Jingmin Dai, Xiaogang Sun, Shutian Liu and Muhammad Ashfaq Ahmad, “A new kind of double image encryption by using a cutting spectrum in the 1-D fractional Fourier transform domains" Optics Communications (2009), 282, 1536-1540 Zhou, Guo Zong Yi, Muhammad Ashfaq Ahmad and Shutian Liu, “Relationship between defect modes and the extended PBG structure of the 1D photonic lattices" Submitted to Optics Communications Status: Under review. Zhengjun Liu, Muhammad Ashfaq Ahmad and Shutian Liu, “Optical multi-image encryption based on frequency shift", (Submitted to Optics Communications). Muhammad Ashfaq Ahmad, Aziz Ahmad and Rizwan Raza, “Design, fabrication of solar water heater and its cost rectiveness" (to be submitted) A. Afaq, Iftikhar Ahmad, M. A. Ahmad, A. Rashid, B. A. Tahir, Muhammad Tahir Hussain, “Interference in the photodetachment of triatomic negative ion”      Appl. Phys. Lett, 94, 041125 (2009) R. Raza, S. A. Hayat, M. A. Chaudhary, Muhammad Ashfaq Ahmad and G. Abbas, “Fuel Cell Technology in Pakistan-A Review", International conference on Multi-physics, Dec. 12-14, 2007. G Abbas, M Ajmal, R Raza and A Ahmad, “A comparative study of brackish water desalination using indigenously prepared solar desalination unit", Renewable Energy conference October 13-17, 2008, Busan Korea. Accepted